New progress of animal feed processing technology and pellet feed product quality for animal feed factory

2022-11-25 Back to List

The development trend of international animal feed production technology and feed equipment technology in the 21st century is mainly focused on: improving the operating efficiency of stand-alone feed processing machines and system processes, reducing operating animal feed production costs; strengthening and expanding the processing functions of stand-alone feed making machines and animal feed system processing methods to make them diversified; Equipment and technology with new operating functions; improve the safety, reliability, ease of maintenance and easy cleaning of equipment and systems; improve the level of automatic control of feed equipment and systems to achieve effective control of product processing quality and processes.

Therefore, the animal feed processing technologies that the animal feed mill plants will focus on developing in the future are as follows:

1. Development of new fidelity technology and feed equipment for animal feed processing

After the compound animal feed is tempered, pelletized, expanded or expanded, it can effectively kill some harmful substances (such as Salmonella), reduce or inhibit the content of anti-nutritional factors, increase the starch gelatinization degree, and improve the palatability of the animal feed. Improve the economic benefits of animal feed production. However, due to the combined effects of high temperature, high pressure and moisture, these thermal processing technologies not only severely damage many heat-sensitive components (such as vitamins, enzyme preparations and microecological preparations, etc.), but also lead to a decline in animal feed quality and an increase in costs.

In order to reduce the loss of heat-sensitive components caused by thermal processing, two fidelity animal feed manufacturing techniques are generally used: one is to reduce the loss of activity by "coating" or "microencapsulating" the heat-sensitive components; the other is One is to add liquid heat-sensitive components after conditioning, pelleting or extruding to achieve the fidelity of the active ingredients. The use of "coating" or "microcapsule" technology will increase costs and cannot fully guarantee the activity of the active ingredients.

2. Continuous ingredients and mixed animal feed factory production technology

In recent years, although there have been breakthroughs in the research of the mixer, the efficiency has been greatly improved (30s/batch), but due to the lag of the batching system, the high-efficiency animal feed mixer can't fully play its role. If the continuous ingredients and production of animal feed processing line technology can be realized, it will greatly improve the production efficiency of animal feed production factories of the same scale, save labor, reduce plant investment, and improve the overall technical level of the animal feed processing industry. The continuous batching and mixed animal feed line processing technology is an online measurement equipment researched and developed using modern testing technology, which can measure multiple animal feed making raw materials online at the same time, and can be adjusted according to the distribution ratio and the characteristics of the raw materials for animal feed.

3. Feed steam conditioning technology

Steam conditioning of materials was first applied to the conditioners of ring die animal feed pellet making machines and feed extruders, which can promote maturation and softening of materials and increase granulation output. With the increase in feed processing requirements, how to improve the stability of animal pellet feed in water without adding a binder has become an urgent problem to be solved. Some foreign animal feed processing plants use a three-layer steam conditioner on the ring die animal feed pelletizer, which can make the animal pellet feed water stable for more than 10 hours, and the pellet surface is smooth and the texture is good.

For traditional animal feed processing factories, conditioning before pelleting is a more difficult step, and any single conditioning time cannot be the best conditioning time for all feeds. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the conditioning time Adjustment. Studies have shown that the retention time of quenching and tempering has an impact on the quality of quenching and pelleting. In recent years, Europe has made several innovations in this regard, including the angle of the conditioner, the adjustment of the angle of the blade, and the plug of steam or powder: most conditioners are installed horizontally, and a loose leaf and a device that can raise the conditioner, while using flexible feeding and discharge ports, can achieve almost arbitrary adjustment of the residence time.

Under normal operating conditions, quenching and tempering will start with a horizontally installed conditioner. Once stable operating conditions are obtained, the conditioner can be tilted to extend the residence time to the desired level; In other words, the front 1/3 blade of the conditioning chamber adopts a 45° angle between the blade and the shaft, and the rear 2/3 blades are appropriately adjusted so that the rear section of the conditioning chamber is basically filled with powder, which is beneficial to the improvement of the material. Fully agitate, at the same time, the angle of the blade can be changed according to the nature of the material and the requirements of quenching and tempering during the operation, so that the residence time of the material in the quenching and conditioning chamber can be adjusted arbitrarily; another simple and effective measure for the conditioner is Install a plug or baffle to block the steam outlet or material outlet.

The upper baffle can prevent steam from directly passing through the entire conditioner without contacting the material. The bottom baffle acts as a plug to force the blades to lift the quenched and tempered material above the baffle opening. When using this method, the problem of drug residue should be taken seriously, because at the end of each run, 25-100kg of materials will remain in the conditioner.

Long-term conditioning is to increase the tempering time to achieve the purpose of enhancing the animal pellet feed quality. The traditional conditioning is usually done by the conditioner that comes with the hot selling ring die type animal feed pellet maker machine or the ordinary short-term conditioner. Because the material stays in the conditioner for a short time, the conditioning effect is not ideal. The starch paste in the granules The conversion rate is only 16% to 25%. With the improvement of feed quality requirements and the rapid development of special aquaculture, conditioning methods such as multi-stage conditioning, post-granulation maturation and conditioning, and high-pressure annulus expansion and conditioning have emerged one after another.

Multi-stage conditoning improves the conditoning effect by prolonging the tempering time, and the starch gelatinization degree can reach 40%-60%; after granulation, the maturation and tempering is to heat the freshly pressed granules (about 70-80%). ℃), let the hot pellets continue for a period of time in a high temperature and high humidity environment, so that the starch in the animal pellet feed is fully gelatinized and the protein is fully denatured. At the same time, the cracks generated in the early stage are glued again to improve the durability of the animal feed.

Special requirements for aquatic feed; high-pressure annulus expansion and conditioning is a new method of conditioning for animal powdered feed. The material is intensively squeezed and pressurized conditioning with steam in the working area to make solid, liquid, The gas three-phase material as a whole is forced to be pushed under the combined action of shear force, extrusion force and steam pressure. Through the adjustable annular gap conical discharge valve, the entire processing process only takes a few seconds, but the maximum pressure can reach 10MPa , The highest material temperature can reach 170℃, so that the material can be fully tempered and matured.

4. Animal feed crushing process

The crushing process is one of the main animal feed production processes in the animal feed making factory. The crushing quality directly affects the comprehensive cost of animal feed production quality, output and power consumption, as well as the internal quality and feeding effect of feed. Crushing processing has always been an active research field in animal feed processing, mainly researching crushing particle size, uniformity, power consumption and the fields related to crushing. There are mainly three types of animal feed crushing equipment: horizontal hammer mill crusher, roller crusher and vertical hammer crusher. Among them, the roller crusher has a relatively uniform crushing particle size and can control the distribution range of the particle size.

Comprehensive of various indicators, the vertical animal feed hammer mill grinding machine is the preferred model for development. Different feed types and different feeding objects have different requirements in feed production, so it has become a development trend to use them in combination according to needs. The traditional crushing process is a one-time open crushing process, but as the diversity of animal feed making materials requires the crushing process to be adjusted accordingly. There are currently three types of crushing processes, namely primary, secondary and closed-circuit crushing processes. Compared with the primary crushing process, the secondary and closed-circuit crushing process has low energy consumption and is easy to improve productivity and product quality, so it is mostly adopted by large and medium-sized animal feed manufacturing factories.

5. Ingredients process

The changes in the batching system are mainly to adapt to the increase in the added variety, the decrease in the added amount, and the improvement of weighing accuracy. At the same time, it is necessary to shorten the weighing cycle and increase the production per unit time. Online formulation is one of the areas to be developed. An instrument is currently being tested, installed on the equipment in progress, to perform on-line analysis of the chemical composition of the raw materials to be used, and it can be used to determine various chemical compositions, such as amino acids, moisture, crude fiber, and starch. Therefore, it will be possible to reorganize the feed formula batch by batch to make the required animal feed very accurately, so that the quality of the feed produced is stable, and the influence of the change of the raw material on the quality of the feed is reduced.

Weighing accuracy is another area of ​​development. The existing batch batching system is mainly a batching batching system, and the accuracy of weighing and the time of weighing need to be improved. In the weighing process, air volume will inevitably occur. Although some techniques can be used to reduce the air volume, it is impossible to completely eliminate it, which will affect the accuracy of material weighing. The addition weighing system also prolongs the material weighing cycle. There are several micro-dosing systems, which are measured by weight reduction.

The weight reduction method can avoid the appearance of air volume, improve the accuracy of weighing, and it is possible to weigh 10 or more materials, which shortens the batching cycle, and the accuracy is relatively high. Matches with mixers with short cycle times. The crushing process is closely related to the batching process. According to its combination method, it can be divided into two types of processes: first batching and then crushing (referred to as first batching and then powder) and first crushing and then batching (referred to as powder first and then matching). At present, the process of animal feed pulverizing and then batching is widely used in China, and some animal feed manufacturing plants adopt the process of batching first and then pulverizing.

6. Development of good quality animal feed processing machinery that meets rural needs

Straw feed processing machinery, such as straw crushing machine series, straw chemical processing machine, coarse feed briquetting machine, and machinery conforming to the straw biological feed processing technology, in order to convert more straw into feed; leaf protein extraction machinery, use this The machine can extract leaf protein for feed from the green feed resources. The focus is to solve the problem of industrial extraction of leaf protein from different raw materials (such as green manure, pasture, leaves, crop stems, etc.); pellet feed processing with an hourly output of 1t Machinery. This kind of machinery has low investment and quick recovery, and is suitable for self-employed and remote township and town enterprises. Yeast feed production machinery is characterized by the use of waste residue and waste water raw materials to produce yeast feed to increase feed sources and strengthen waste residues, waste water, etc. The use of waste reduces the cost of yeast feed.

7. Continuously improving automation control

The automated production that is operated and managed on the computer screen has been widely used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, while the feed production management is still in a relatively backward state. After "continuous technological research, the production process control automation and computer production management have now been realized, which has greatly improved the automation level of the animal feed making plant. However, the introduction of computers mainly solves the problem of production automation, which is important for improving product quality and product varieties. It has not yet played its due role. Judging from the current situation of most feed mills, since a large amount of information is only recorded at the animal feed production site, it is too late to analyze and deal with it. Accident control is in its infancy, causing unnecessary losses and waste to animal feed companies.

For this reason, some countries have developed a dynamic monitoring system for animal feed production quality, so that a large number of quality-related data existing in the animal feed production process can be effectively collected, stored, evaluated and controlled, and a series of control loops have been generated. In order to solve the quality problems in the production process, the animal feed making process can reach the best production state.

In short, looking at the development of feed science and technology in the world, continuous improvement of animal feed mill processing technology is required, and every step of improvement of animal feed processing technology will be important role for expanding feed sources and utilization, improving product quality, and increasing the input-output ratio.

【Some Domestic Animal Feed Mill Factories Projects By RICHI】

Shangdu Feed Co., Ltd (Liuhe Group) (360,000 tons/year animal pellet feed production plant project)

Xinzheng Yongtai Feed Co., Ltd (120,000 tons/year animal feed pelle processing plant project)

Shangdu Group, Longhu Keji Feed Co., Ltd (120,000 tons/year pellet manufacturing plant for animal feed)

Lanzhou (Gansu) Dabei Agricultural Feed Co., Ltd (60,000 tons/year animal pellet feed company project)

Anyang Dabei Agricultural Feed Co., Ltd (30,000 tons/year animal feed pelleting plant project)

Taiyuan Dabei Agricultural Feed Co., Ltd (30,000 tons/year turn-key animal feed pelletizing plant project)

Luoyang Feed Co., Ltd (Zhengbang Group) (90,000 tons/year animal feed pellet manufacturing line project)

Tianjin Tiaozhan Feed Co., Ltd (90,000 tons/year full automatic animal feed pellet making plant project)

Shangqiu Huipu Feed Co., Ltd (60,000 tons/year fully automatic animal feed plant for pellets)

Weishi Lvfeng Feed Co., Ltd (60,000 tons/year animal poultry feed plant project)

Henan Longbao Feed Co., Ltd (120,000 tons/year customizable animal feed production project)

Jinzhou Feed Co., Ltd of Liuhe Group (60,000 tons/year animal feed processing project)

Shandong Yishui Zhengxiang Feed Co., Ltd (60,000 tons/year computer control feed plant for processing animal feed)

Henan Dade Aquatic Feed Factory (Zhengzhou) (120,000 tons/year animal feed production factory project)

Linyi Feed Factory of Shandong Mengfa Feed Group (60,000 tons/year China manufacturer animal feed mill plant project)

Shandong Weizun Feed Co., Ltd (180,000 tons/year animal pellet feed project for poultry)