Problems and solutions for the use of chicken farming equipment

2021-03-16 Back to List

At present, the production of complete sets of equipment for laying hens has entered a golden period of rapid development. The upgrading of the laying hen industry will be completed by mechanized, automated, and intelligent equipment systems, and the technical bottleneck in the application of complete sets of equipment is plaguing most large-scale laying hen companies. The solution to these problems cannot be achieved overnight. It requires close cooperation between equipment manufacturers and breeding enterprises and exchanges with each other to make breeding equipment more suitable for modern poultry production.　　 　　

1. Feeding equipment　

(1) Problems:

In actual production, some companies and farmers have no basis to follow when choosing chain, driving, and auger feeding equipment. How should they choose? How does the automatic feeding system ensure uniform feeding? Summer high temperature period Will the feed stored in the turret deteriorate? Can the bulk feeder be equipped with metering equipment?　

(2) Solution:　

When selecting feeding equipment, it is necessary to comprehensively consider feeding uniformity, dust generation, failure rate and parts cost. For example, the chain feeding equipment feeds uniformly and produces less dust, but the failure rate and the cost of accessories are relatively high. These indicators must be weighed.

Some people think that: the driving type feeding equipment is economical, simple, and the feeding is uniform, which is suitable for China's national conditions; the chain type feeding equipment is suitable for broiler breeding, and the auger feeding equipment is suitable for feeding speed, chicken stress, and feed. Better waste control.

Some people think that the noise of the feeding equipment is relatively small, the feed is low in use, and the dust is very small after the cover is added.　　

Someone pointed out: Experiments have proved that the use of auger feeding system can save 5-10 grams of feed per chicken, and the auger idling can also stimulate the flock to eat.　

Someone pointed out: In addition to restricting feeding, it is better to use a chain feeding system for layer breeding, because the feeding amount is well controlled, and it is not limited by the length of the chicken house, which takes up a small space and has a larger aisle space in the chicken house.

In fact, some feeding systems are now equipped with automatic feeding devices, which not only ensure uniform feeding, but also reduce the labor intensity of manual feeding, but the feeder will also cause blockage when it encounters chicken feathers. Needs further improvement.　　

Someone pointed out: Now some bulk material trucks are equipped with automatic metering devices to ensure the accuracy of ingredients. The storage time of feed in the feed tower should not be too long, and the feed will not deteriorate in a short period of time (2-3 days).

2. Drinking water equipment

(1) Problems:

What is the role of the drinking cup with the drinking nipple of the brooding chicken? What is the role of the middle sink in the laying hen house? The water supply system needs to be improved: large chicken houses cannot drink water at the same time, the time difference is 1 hour or In addition, there are also problems such as deformation of drinking water lines and lack of water line recoil devices.　　

(2)Solution:　　

Someone emphasized: The nipple drinker is equipped with a drinking cup to prevent chickens from wetting the feathers when drinking water. The drinking cup should be cleaned regularly to prevent the growth of bacteria. The sink in the middle of the chicken coop is mainly used for receiving water when changing the nipples, and it should be cleaned regularly to prevent dirt and dirt.

Someone pointed out: To solve the problem that chickens cannot drink water at the same time, the main pipe of the drinking water pipe can be thickened to increase the water pressure, or each layer can supply water separately. You can also turn off the lights for a period of time and then turn on the lights. Ensure that the chickens drink water at the same time.

In the opinion of some people, many chicken farms are currently accustomed to drinking water to administer, but the powder will be blocked by the filter after it is added, which will affect the delivery effect. The filter needs to be flushed regularly, and the water line should also be cleaned regularly, but strong acids and alkalis should not be used. The waterline is easily deformed when it is used for a long time or when the season changes, which is related to the quality of the waterline. In addition, it must be installed in place.　　

3. Chicken cage equipment　　

(1) Problems:

What are the advantages and disadvantages of stacked chicken cages? Depth (600mm, 620mm, 750mm), height (430mm, 450mm), single cage feeding capacity (6, 8, 10), cage layer spacing How big is it? How to solve the problem of chicken running out of the cage and fleeing the cage? What is the effect of using the cage to raise the breeder?　　

(2)Solution:

Someone pointed out that the layered cages of laying hens have the following advantages: saving land, reducing investment in civil construction, large feeding volume per unit area; high degree of mechanization, reducing labor intensity, and reducing labor costs; the environment of the chicken house can be controlled and reduced. The impact of the external environment on chickens; chicken manure can be treated in time to reduce environmental pollution. There are also the following shortcomings: strong dependence on energy; relatively high energy consumption; single building density is large, which increases biological safety risks.

Someone pointed out: The cage layer spacing should be moderate, otherwise it will affect the growth of chickens. Chicken running and fleeing can be achieved by adjusting the height of the baffle. What size chicken cage is suitable? In addition to considering the investment cost, the convenience of using the equipment must also be considered. If the depth of the cage is too large, it will be inconvenient to catch chickens and repair the waterline. Regarding this cage, Manager Hu Yonglin pointed out: Judging from the practice of Huayu Company’s breeding of parent-generation breeders, the house hens can lay 220 breeding eggs and 40 commercial eggs, and the average fertilization rate of breeding eggs can reach over 94%. The rate is also good, an average of 2.42 eggs can hatch a healthy female chick, but there are also some disadvantages in using this cage, such as the high rate of death of breeders and a large number of roosters.　　

4. Lighting equipment　

(1) Problems:　

Which type is suitable for chicken house lighting? How to arrange it more reasonably?　

(2) Solution:

Someone pointed out: Now that most chicken farms use energy-saving lamps, there is a problem that energy-saving lamps do not have a long service life. Adding a spherical cover to the lamp can play a role in waterproof and dustproof and extend the service life. For multi-layer caged layer houses, the lighting should be arranged staggered and not on the same horizontal line.　

Someone pointed out: At present, farming companies do not dimming energy-saving lamps much, and not dimming will shorten their service life. The use of LED lights is easy to adjust the light intensity, and there are two methods of DC dimming and AC dimming, which are easy to operate.　　

5. Environmental control equipment　

(1) Problems:

Environmental control equipment includes fans, louvers, water curtains and controllers, etc. There are also many problems encountered in production, such as the heating problem of the chicken house in winter, the chicken house is dry and dusty, how to control respiratory diseases and dust problems, large The environment in the chicken house is not balanced, and the front end of the chicken house has ventilation problems.　　

(2)Solution:　

Some people think that: for the dryness and heating of the chicken house in winter, the air can be heated and humidified at the air inlet of the chicken house to prevent the air from drying out. It is more economical to use coal-fired boilers for heating in brooding houses, but it does not meet environmental protection requirements, the price of gas is high, and the air quality in the house is poor, so you can consider using electric heating.

Someone pointed out that the unbalanced environment in the chicken house and the existence of dead corners of ventilation are related to the effective ventilation volume and the minimum ventilation volume. In order to effectively control the ventilation volume, some companies use variable frequency fans, and the air volume control in actual application is not accurate. Switch control should be the main focus in China. 　

6. Egg white manure collection equipment

(1) Problems:

The egg conveyor belt is often dusty, which will stain the surface of the egg; the claws of the egg collection are easy to break and are inconvenient to replace; how to avoid the collision of the eggs when picking up the eggs and reduce the damage; the manure removal belt has the phenomenon of deviation and leakage.　

(2) Solution:

Someone pointed out that the egg conveyor belt should be cleaned regularly. Some farms have automatic cleaning devices on the equipment-brushes. If they do not have brushes, they must be manually cleaned, but automatic cleaning can greatly reduce the feeding. The labor intensity of the staff. In addition to the convenience of replacement, high-quality materials should be used as much as possible during the installation and design of the egg claw; in order to avoid the collision of eggs, the conveying speed of the conveyor belt should be set reasonably, and a buffer device can also be considered.　　

Someone pointed out: In addition to the installation problem, the deviation of the manure removal belt may also be uneven force during use, which needs to be solved by the manufacturer in technical services.　

7.Chicken manure, dead chicken processing facilities

(1) Problems:　

Many chicken farms use manure scrapers to remove manure. Not only does it take a long time (about 45 minutes each time), but the manure scrapers are twisted back and forth, and the manure becomes very thin and difficult to handle; there is no uniform standard for the treatment of dead chickens. , Lack of supporting treatment facilities.　　

(2)Solution:　　

Currently, some chicken farms make full use of the heat energy of the chicken coop to dry the chicken manure to a certain extent before cleaning it, so that it will not cause environmental problems. Some companies are considering investing in biogas power generation equipment.

Someone pointed out: Biogas power generation is not suitable for all enterprises. Everyone should do what they can. If there is no project funding support, don't invest lightly, because the cost of integrating biogas power generation into the national grid is very high, and the electricity price is controlled by the state. It's not cost-effective to see. In some countries such as Japan, chicken manure is generally processed by natural composting and fermentation. This method is simple and feasible.

Someone pointed out: Most chicken farms currently dispose of dead chickens are burned or buried deeply. If the measures are not in place, it will cause environmental pollution. In some places, it is currently trying to make dead chickens into meat pellets as fish feed, pig feed, etc. These are all directions worth exploring.

8. Find the right point of equipment production and use

(1) Equipment manufacturers must face the problem directly

Some people think: Now an embarrassing phenomenon is that chicken farmers do not understand equipment manufacturing, and those who understand equipment manufacturing cannot raise chickens. At present, domestic equipment companies mainly imitate, and the phenomenon is serious behind closed doors; there is a lack of companies. Horizontal cooperation and vertical communication, this should be learned from young chicken enterprises; enterprises generally emphasize sales, neglect research and development, and neglect service; most of the products are "three nos" (no labels, no instructions, no product certification) products ; Product use and maintenance manuals are incomplete, and most companies do not; the standardization of equipment components is low, and the technical parameters are not perfect; there is no unified version of the purchase and sales contract, and some are overlord clauses; the 8-hour work system of some manufacturers is unreasonable and the installation The enthusiasm of the staff is not strong enough, and the sense of responsibility is not strong.　　

(2) The planning and design of the chicken house should be scientific and reasonable　

Someone pointed out: In actual operation, the construction drawings of the chicken coop should be provided by the equipment factory to ensure that the equipment is matched; the water, electricity and monitoring lines of the chicken coop should be well designed and buried in the ground and in the wall. Inside the chicken house; water outlets should be left at the front and back and at both ends of the chicken house, and no water ditch should be left on both sides and in the middle; the equipment investment should be in place in one step, not seeking refinement or largeness, planning and designing well, step by step; equipment selection It is necessary to consider the actual production needs. The height of the chicken cage should meet the needs of 120-day-old chickens; the equipment can be automated to a certain degree, because the labor cost will be higher and higher in the future; the vulnerable parts such as water, electricity, and heating must be backed up, and if it is insufficient It must be supplemented in time, otherwise it will cause great losses; the recruitment and training of employees must be carried out simultaneously with the construction of the site.　

(3) Equipment production and use links need to be connected

It seems that in the process of raising young chickens, the kettle, feeder tray, and bottom net can be eliminated. This can greatly save labor intensity, make laying hen breeding easier, and can also achieve one time in the feed trough. There is no need for feeding 36 hours after feeding, and the feed will not be mildewed. The methods that these breeding companies have explored in the application process are beyond the imagination of equipment companies.

Therefore, the designers of equipment companies need to go deep into the chicken farm, listen to the suggestions of the users, and consider the problem from the perspective of the breeder. The design and use of the equipment should also take advantage of the nature of the chicken. In addition, many chicken farms have equipment from different manufacturers. How to ensure that these equipment are installed, seamlessly connected, and functioning normally are also practical problems that need to be resolved.

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